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Shed Pounds by Inhibiting
Cellular Fat Storage - Page 1
By Kirk Stokel - Reprinted
by permission from Bill Faloon of The Life Extension Foundation
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Cells that store fat are called adipocytes. They are deposited throughout our bodies.2,3
Of greatest concern are the adipocytes that deposit deep in our abdomens. This visceral fat represents more than fat stored on our waistlines. Visceral fat is chemically active tissue that churns out a torrent of pro-inflammatory cytokines.4 Those with bulging belly fat suffer constant bombardment from toxic cytokines that trigger the metabolic syndrome and its deadly consequences.5,6 This widespread problem led scientists to seek out plant extracts that specifically interfere with adipocyte fat storage in our abdominal anatomy.
Excess calories transform to fat deposits in adipocytes7 through a multi-step process known as adipogenesis. When fewer calories are consumed, fat is released from adipocytes to meet the bodys energy needs.8,9 This is known as lipolysis. A dual plant extract has been studied based on its ability to simultaneously inhibit adipogenesis (fat storage) and enhance lipolysis (fat breakdown and release).
Like any other cell, adipocytes develop from undifferentiated stem cells. Premature, developing fat cells are called pre-adipocytes. When you ingest more calories than your body needs, young pre-adipocytes respond by maturing into adult adipocytes.7,10-12 Adult adipocytes take up excess fatty acids from your bloodstream and begin expanding. It is this process of fatty acid uptake and adipocyte expansion that ultimately results in obesity and its pathologic consequences. Every excess calorie contributes to the maturation and growth of fat cells in this way. Past a certain point, adipocytes distend and become bloated, much in the same way your belly does. Not all adipocytes are the same. While fat cells distribute throughout your body, those that store in your abdomen -- producing so-called visceral fat or belly fat -- are more than just storage containers. Belly fat cells are chemically active. They form fatty tissue capable of releasing detrimental pro-inflammatory cytokines.4 In obese individuals, the mass of excess visceral fat deposits generates a pro-inflammatory flood of cytokines. This cytokine release then incites a cascade of harmful effects that, if left unchecked, contributes to the onset of multiple degenerative diseases.5,6 So unwanted body fat storage happens when pre-adipocyte stem cells mature in order to store excess dietary fat (adipogenesis) while the ability to break down stored fat (lipolysis) diminishes.
Combating Surplus Body Fat Storage Two plants whose extracts demonstrated significant biological effects were:
In the laboratory, S. indicus and mangosteen extracts powerfully impeded adipogenesis. When cells were treated with S. indicus alone, fat storage was inhibited by as much as 65%, compared with control cells. Photographs (below) show a markedly visible difference between the two cell groups. The control cells show a bloated, foamy appearance, bulging with fat droplets, compared to the smaller, more naturally contoured cells treated with the S. indicus extract.13 Each of these extracts also enhanced lipolysis (or fat burning), by as much as 56% compared to control cells.13 Having identified these unifying properties in the two extracts, the researchers set out to determine if they would exhibit enhanced effects when used in combination. They found that the S. indicus and mangosteen extracts favorably modulate the activity of six genomic pathways involved in fat cell formation and breakdown.13 Remarkably, these extracts reduced gene expression that promotes adipogenesis while favorably influencing a gene involved in desirable lipolysis. The box on this page shows how these plant extracts, used alone and in combination, positively modulated the markers involved in unwanted cellular fat accumulation by inhibiting adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis. Given these observations, researchers recognized that this novel blend of plant extracts could result in significant weight loss via three distinct mechanisms:
The next step was to determine if these plant extracts would induce weight loss in experimental animals and -- more importantly -- obese humans. Preventing Obesity in RodentsWhen young adult rats are fed a high-fat diet they rapidly gain weight -- just as humans often do. To investigate the effects of the plant extracts that worked in cell studies, scientists fed a group of young adult rats a high-fat diet. Half the rats received the dual plant extract while the other half served as the control group.13 At the end of eight weeks, the control group rapidly gained weight. The rats fed a high-fat diet and given the dual plant extract, on the other hand, reduced body weight gain by an impressive 700%.13 This is not surprising considering these same plant extracts blocked fat accumulation by 48.5% and 65.9% in the cellular model.13 This study demonstrated that these plant extracts decrease diet-induced obesity in young adult rats. The real challenge, however, is whether these same plant extracts are effective in humans who are already obese. |
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Anti-Adipocyte Formula with AdipoStat - Ingredients/Dose | Page 2 | References
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